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Diamox (U.S.N.L.M.)
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| Dosing | 500mg po, single dose for emergency IOP reduction (See package insert for other dosing.) |
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| Chem Specs | acetazolamide | |
| Quantities | 125, 250mg tablets, 500mg 12 hr capsules ("Sequels") | |
| Cost | 35.00/100tab | |
| Class | carbonic anhydrase inhibitor | |
| Action | Inhibition of carbonic anhydrase II in the ciliary processes presumably slows the formation of bicarbonate with subsequent reduction in sodium and fluid transport. |
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| Usage | Indicated for adjunctive treatment of chronic simple (open-angle) glaucoma, secondary glaucoma, and preoperatively in acute angle-closure glaucoma. |
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| Oral CAIs are generally used in optometric practice for very brief treatment of extremely elevated IOP such as acute angle closure glaucoma. |
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| Contraindications | Situations of depressed sodium and/or potassium blood serum levels, marked kidney or liver disease, suprarenal gland failure, hyperchloremic acidosis. Hypersensitivity to sulfonamide or any other component of this product. |
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| Pediatric use | Safety and effectiveness in children not established. | |
| Pregnancy | Category C | |
| Fatalities have occurred, although rarely, due to severe reactions to sulfonamides. Adverse reactions include Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, fulminant hepatic necrosis, agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia, and other blood dyscrasias. Common side effects include fatigue, malaise, weight loss, and depression. |
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